Contamination Map Methodology

Time series / Model

Timer-S1

Organisation
Tsinghua University (THUML) & ByteDance
Family
Timer · version Timer-S1 (8.3B total / 0.75B active MoE)
Released
2026-03-05 (arXiv v1 submission date, https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.04791 (HF repos bytedance-research/Timer-S1 created 2026-04-09, thuml/Timer-S1 created 2026-05-09))
Checkpoints
thuml/Timer-S1, bytedance-research/Timer-S1
Weights
Open · Apache-2.0
Links
PaperModel card

Training data disclosure: Partial list

Level determined for 65% of benchmark cells.

“To enhance data diversity, we collect real-world time series from common domains such as finance, IoT, meteorology, and healthcare, and incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55].”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“First, we adopt the datasets for short-term tasks in GIFT-Eval Pretrain [1] for post-training.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.3 Post-Training · retrieved 2026-10-15

Training corpora

Declared exclusions

Benchmark cells

GIFT-Eval

Not seen Jena Weather (GIFT-Eval) · the authors state its test portion was excluded from training

Evidence (2)
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Not seen BizITObs - Application · the authors state its test portion was excluded from training

Evidence (2)
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Not seen BizITObs - Service · the authors state its test portion was excluded from training

Evidence (2)
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Not seen BizITObs - L2C · the authors state its test portion was excluded from training

Evidence (2)
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Not seen Bitbrains - Fast Storage · the authors state its test portion was excluded from training

Evidence (2)
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Not seen Bitbrains - rnd · the authors state its test portion was excluded from training

Evidence (2)
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Training data seen Restaurant (Recruit Restaurant Visitor Forecasting) · the dataset was used; the source does not say which part (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive)); the test portion was explicitly excluded

Evidence (4)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Restaurant”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 17 (Others) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Not seen ETT1 (GIFT-Eval) · the authors state its test portion was excluded from training

Evidence (2)
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Not seen ETT2 (GIFT-Eval) · the authors state its test portion was excluded from training

Evidence (2)
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Training data seen Loop Seattle (LibCity) · the dataset was used; the source does not say which part (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive)); the test portion was explicitly excluded

Evidence (4)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Loop Seattle”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 13 (LibCity) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Training data seen SZ-Taxi (LibCity) · the dataset was used; the source does not say which part (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive)); the test portion was explicitly excluded

Evidence (4)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“SZ-Taxi”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 13 (LibCity) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Training data seen M_DENSE (LibCity) · the dataset was used; the source does not say which part (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive)); the test portion was explicitly excluded

Evidence (4)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Rotterdam”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 13 (LibCity) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Not seen Solar (LSTNet, 137 Alabama PV plants) · the authors state its test portion was excluded from training

Evidence (2)
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Training data seen Hierarchical Sales (Mancuso et al., 2020) · the dataset was used; the source does not say which part (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive)); the test portion was explicitly excluded

Evidence (4)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Hierarchical Sales”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 17 (Others) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Training data seen M4 Yearly · the whole dataset was used (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive)); the test portion was explicitly excluded

Evidence (6)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“M4 Yearly”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 14 (Monash) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“For the following datasets, we include their entirety in LOTSA without a held-out test set for the following reasons:”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Monash paragraph · retrieved 2026-10-15
“M1 Yearly, M1 Quarterly, M3 Yearly, M3 Quarterly, M4 Yearly, M4 Quarterly, Tourism Yearly: Some time series in these datasets are too short after train/test splits, thus we do not split them”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Monash exceptions list · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Training data seen M4 Quarterly · the whole dataset was used (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive)); the test portion was explicitly excluded

Evidence (6)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“M4 Quarterly”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 14 (Monash) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“For the following datasets, we include their entirety in LOTSA without a held-out test set for the following reasons:”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Monash paragraph · retrieved 2026-10-15
“M1 Yearly, M1 Quarterly, M3 Yearly, M3 Quarterly, M4 Yearly, M4 Quarterly, Tourism Yearly: Some time series in these datasets are too short after train/test splits, thus we do not split them”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Monash exceptions list · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Training data seen M4 Monthly · a training split was used; its overlap with this benchmark's test data is not established (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive)); the test portion was explicitly excluded

Evidence (5)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“M4 Monthly”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 14 (Monash) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“apart from the exceptions listed below, we only include the train region in LOTSA, by holding out the final forecast horizon as the test set.”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Monash paragraph · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Training data seen M4 Weekly · a training split was used; its overlap with this benchmark's test data is not established (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive)); the test portion was explicitly excluded

Evidence (5)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“M4 Weekly”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 14 (Monash) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“apart from the exceptions listed below, we only include the train region in LOTSA, by holding out the final forecast horizon as the test set.”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Monash paragraph · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Training data seen M4 Daily · a training split was used; its overlap with this benchmark's test data is not established (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive)); the test portion was explicitly excluded

Evidence (5)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“M4 Daily”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 14 (Monash) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“apart from the exceptions listed below, we only include the train region in LOTSA, by holding out the final forecast horizon as the test set.”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Monash paragraph · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Training data seen M4 Hourly · a training split was used; its overlap with this benchmark's test data is not established (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive)); the test portion was explicitly excluded

Evidence (5)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“M4 Hourly”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 14 (Monash) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“apart from the exceptions listed below, we only include the train region in LOTSA, by holding out the final forecast horizon as the test set.”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Monash paragraph · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Training data seen Hospital · a training split was used; its overlap with this benchmark's test data is not established (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive)); the test portion was explicitly excluded

Evidence (5)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Hospital”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 14 (Monash) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“apart from the exceptions listed below, we only include the train region in LOTSA, by holding out the final forecast horizon as the test set.”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Monash paragraph · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Training data seen COVID Deaths · a training split was used; its overlap with this benchmark's test data is not established (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive)); the test portion was explicitly excluded

Evidence (5)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“COVID Deaths”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 14 (Monash) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“apart from the exceptions listed below, we only include the train region in LOTSA, by holding out the final forecast horizon as the test set.”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Monash paragraph · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Training data seen US Births · a training split was used; its overlap with this benchmark's test data is not established (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive)); the test portion was explicitly excluded

Evidence (5)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“US Births”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 14 (Monash) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“apart from the exceptions listed below, we only include the train region in LOTSA, by holding out the final forecast horizon as the test set.”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Monash paragraph · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Training data seen Saugeen River Flow · a training split was used; its overlap with this benchmark's test data is not established (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive)); the test portion was explicitly excluded

Evidence (5)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Saugeen”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 14 (Monash) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“apart from the exceptions listed below, we only include the train region in LOTSA, by holding out the final forecast horizon as the test set.”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Monash paragraph · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Training data seen Temperature Rain · a training split was used; its overlap with this benchmark's test data is not established (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive)); the test portion was explicitly excluded

Evidence (5)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Temperature Rain”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 14 (Monash) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“apart from the exceptions listed below, we only include the train region in LOTSA, by holding out the final forecast horizon as the test set.”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Monash paragraph · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Training data seen KDD Cup 2018 · a training split was used; its overlap with this benchmark's test data is not established (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive)); the test portion was explicitly excluded

Evidence (5)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“KDD Cup 2018”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 14 (Monash) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“apart from the exceptions listed below, we only include the train region in LOTSA, by holding out the final forecast horizon as the test set.”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Monash paragraph · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Training data seen Car Parts · a training split was used; its overlap with this benchmark's test data is not established (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive)); the test portion was explicitly excluded

Evidence (5)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Car Parts”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 14 (Monash) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“apart from the exceptions listed below, we only include the train region in LOTSA, by holding out the final forecast horizon as the test set.”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Monash paragraph · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Not seen ElectricityLoadDiagrams20112014 (UCI) · the authors state its test portion was excluded from training

Evidence (2)
“Notably, all instances that could potentially lead to test data leakage in GIFT-Eval [1] are carefully removed.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“"testdata_leakage": "No"”
raw.githubusercontent.com · leaderboard · GIFT-Eval results/Timer-S1/config.json · retrieved 2026-10-15

Long-horizon forecasting (ETT, Electricity, Traffic, Weather, Exchange, ILI)

Unknown ETTh1 · training data not disclosed in enough detail

Unknown ETTh2 · training data not disclosed in enough detail

Unknown ETTm1 · training data not disclosed in enough detail

Unknown ETTm2 · training data not disclosed in enough detail

Unknown Electricity (ECL, 321 clients) · training data not disclosed in enough detail

Seen, split unclear Traffic (PeMS San Francisco Bay, 862 sensors) · a training split was used; its overlap with this benchmark's test data is not established (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive))

Evidence (3)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Traffic Hourly”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 14 (Monash) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“apart from the exceptions listed below, we only include the train region in LOTSA, by holding out the final forecast horizon as the test set.”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Monash paragraph · retrieved 2026-10-15

Unknown Weather (Jena, 2020; Autoformer) · training data not disclosed in enough detail

Unknown Exchange-Rate · training data not disclosed in enough detail

Related data seen ILI (CDC influenza-like illness, national) · related dataset CDC FluView ILINet (LOTSA) was used (via LOTSA (Large-scale Open Time Series Archive))

Evidence (5)
“incorporate publicly released time series from research efforts including Chronos [2] and LOTSA [55]”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4.1 Data · retrieved 2026-10-15
“CDC Fluview ILINet”
arxiv.org · paper · Appendix A, Table 17 (Others) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“includes the weekly recorded influenza-like illness (ILI) patients data from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the United States between 2002 and 2021”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4 (Datasets) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“https://gis.cdc.gov/grasp/fluview/fluportaldashboard.html”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 4, footnote 4 · retrieved 2026-10-15
“CDC Fluview ILINet CDC Fluview WHO NREVSS”
arxiv.org · paper · Table 14 (dataset column) · retrieved 2026-10-15

Time-series anomaly detection

Unknown TSB-AD-U (TSB-AD univariate) · training data not disclosed in enough detail

Unknown TSB-AD-M (TSB-AD multivariate) · training data not disclosed in enough detail

Unknown UCR Time Series Anomaly Archive (Hexagon ML/UCR, KDD Cup 2021) · training data not disclosed in enough detail

Unknown Server Machine Dataset (SMD) · training data not disclosed in enough detail

Unknown Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) telemetry anomaly dataset · training data not disclosed in enough detail

Unknown Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) telemetry anomaly dataset · training data not disclosed in enough detail

Unknown Pooled Server Metrics (PSM) · training data not disclosed in enough detail

Unknown Secure Water Treatment (SWaT) · training data not disclosed in enough detail

Unknown Yahoo S5 Labeled Anomaly Detection Dataset (Yahoo Webscope S5) · training data not disclosed in enough detail

Unknown Numenta Anomaly Benchmark (NAB) · training data not disclosed in enough detail

Time-series classification

Seen, split unclear UCR Time Series Classification Archive (2018) · the dataset was used; the source does not say which part (via Unified Time Series Dataset (UTSD))

Evidence (5)
“thuml/UTSD”
huggingface.co · model card · YAML metadata `datasets` · retrieved 2026-10-15
“PigArtPressure | 0.62M”
huggingface.co · dataset card · Dataset Description table · retrieved 2026-10-15
“PigArtPressure | 0.62M”
huggingface.co · dataset card · Dataset Description table (source column [3]) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“[3]: [The UCR Time Series Archive](https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.07758)”
huggingface.co · dataset card · Dataset Description references · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Each series representing a variate will be divided into training and validation splits at a ratio of 9:1 for pre-training.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 3 (pre-training strategy) · retrieved 2026-10-15

Seen, split unclear UEA Multivariate Time Series Classification Archive (2018) · the dataset was used; the source does not say which part (via Unified Time Series Dataset (UTSD))

Evidence (5)
“thuml/UTSD”
huggingface.co · model card · YAML metadata `datasets` · retrieved 2026-10-15
“MotorImagery | 72.58M”
huggingface.co · dataset card · Dataset Description table · retrieved 2026-10-15
“MotorImagery | 72.58M”
huggingface.co · dataset card · Dataset Description table (source column [3]) · retrieved 2026-10-15
“[3]: [The UCR Time Series Archive](https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.07758)”
huggingface.co · dataset card · Dataset Description references · retrieved 2026-10-15
“Each series representing a variate will be divided into training and validation splits at a ratio of 9:1 for pre-training.”
arxiv.org · paper · Section 3 (pre-training strategy) · retrieved 2026-10-15

Notes

Newest THUML release found as of 2026-10-15. Paper calls Sundial 'Timer-3' and says Timer-S1 is 'Trained on the same TimeBench'. No long-horizon (TSLib) exclusion statement. Model card metadata lists thuml/UTSD, Salesforce/lotsa_data, Salesforce/GiftEvalPretrain, autogluon/chronos_datasets.

Sources